培訓(xùn)師資料(Microsoft)(ppt)
21 Secrets to Becoming A Good Speaker
Kai-Fu Lee
Managing Director
Microsoft Research, China
We Present Every Day!
Not just conference talks….
Product group meetings
BillG / TAB meetings
Preamble to a demo
Convince a product group to be interested
Present patent to a lawyer
Present a group result at offsite
“Elevator” talks
But I’m not good at it….
Presentation skills can be acquired.
Examples:
Bill Gates
Kai-Fu Lee
What You’ll Learn Today:
Communication skills
Preparing the Talk
Delivering the Talk
Handling Q&A
21 secrets to becoming a good speaker.
What is Communication Skills?
Verbal (words spoken)
Vocal (tone, range, appeal, credibility of voice)
Visual (physical appearance, clothing, gestures, eye contact)
7%
38%

55%
The Importance of Communication Skills
Communication Skills = Fake?
Most important factor is PASSION!
If you’re passionate, your vocal & visual skills will come naturally.
Passion could come from subject, experience, or environment.
“There is just one sure cure for bad speeches –
Get truly excited on the subject, and 99 percent
of the faults of your speaking will disappear.”
-- Robert Montgomery
Verbal Skills
Be simple and clear!
Don’t ramble.
Stop to think if you need to.
Example one: Dan Quayle celebrates democracy:
Example two: Dan Quayle trying to say “A mind is a terrible thing to waste”
Verbal Skills
Speaking is not like writing!!!
Use simple words.
Don’t use complex sentences.
Can you understand this:
Don’t use ambiguous words in speech.
Vocal Skills
Project & resonate your voice.
No “UM”s and “ER”s. (Pause instead).
Silence is a tool (To draw attention).
Vocal Skills
Play your voice with pitch and tempo.
To amplify a point, slow down, speak loudly, exaggerate inotation, pause in the right places.
“You are right. I am wrong” – Stalin to Trotsky
“Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country” -- John F. Kennedy
BAD EXAMPLE : “I welcome this kind of examination, because people have to know whether their president is a crook. Well, I’m not a crook.” -- Richard M. Nixon
Don’t use it everywhere!
Vocal Skills : Same message; many ways to deiver
John Kennedy:
“You need to contribute to your country”’
“Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country”.
Quayle vs. Benson Debate:
Quayle: "I have as much experience in the Congress as Jack Kennedy did when he sought the presidency."
Answer 1: “Jack Kennedy is better than you.”
Answer 2: "Senator, I served with Jack Kennedy. I knew Jack Kennedy. Jack Kennedy was a friend of mine. Senator, you're no Jack Kennedy.“
Vocal Skills : Enthusiasm
Passion & Enthusiasm!
If you’re not passionate, why should we care?
Example: Martin Luther King
I have a dream. That one day This nation will rise up Live up to the true meaning to its creed: We hold these truths to be self-evident That all men are created equal.
Visual Skills
Visual Skills – THE most important
Appear trustworthy & respectful.
US Election 1960 was won on visual skills.
Components of Visual Skills
Eyes
Body
Hands
Face
Visual Skills – Eyes
Look forward at audience (trust)
Don’t shift eyeballs; don’t look in corner.
Don’t look too much at computer screen or your notes.
Look at people’s faces (not eyes)
3-6 seconds per person.
Shift randomly.
Nod, smile, use facial expression.
Visual Skills – Body
Stand up when talking.
Walk around = informal.
Don’t:
Rock, shake, lean too much.
Visual Skills – Hands
Gesture complements talk.
Should come naturally, without thinking.
Make sure they match!
Need to exaggerate a little
Especially with large audience.
Don’t fidget or put in pocket.
Videotape whole talk & watch.
Visual Skills – Face
Show emotion!
Most of the time:
“I care a lot about this.”
“I really believe in this.”
“I love my work.”
Sometimes (in response to questions).
“This is the most outrageous thing I’ve ever heard.”
“I will have nothing to do with this.”
What You’ll Learn Today:
Communication skills
Preparing the Talk
Delivering the Talk
Handling Q&A
21 secrets to becoming a good speaker.
Preparing the Talk
Always OVERPREPARE!!!!!
Preparation includes:
Researching the background.
Organizing the talk.
Writing the slides.
Rehearsing the talk.
Last minute things….
Researching the Background
When you’re invited, find out:
How long is the talk?
What’s the topic?
(Say no if you don’t care about the topic).
Who’s the audience.
Once you say yes, you are COMMITTED to do a great job.
Organizing the Talk
You’re the salesman.
First lesson for salesmen:
“Tell them what you’re going to say.
Say it.
Tell them what you said”
Very similar to your paper!
The Central Message (it)
People will not remember everything.
Have ONE clear walk-away message.
What do you want people to remember in 3 months?
The answer to the question: “How was the talk?”
Repeat it!
The Opening
Say something provoking!
Give a (very short) outline/overview.
The Substance
Logical.
Convincing.
Help them remember the message!
Anticipate doubts & remove them.
Smooth transitions
Don’t lose the audience
OK to re-order the sub-topics.
Keep repeating the message!
The Ending
End with a BANG!
Repeat the message.
Say thank you.
Writing the Visuals (PowerPoint)
Prepation (80% time)
First prepare outline (recommend : Word).
Then modify outline for:
Logic onvincing, flow, transitions….
Actual Slide Writing (20% time)
Should come almost directly from the outline.

Use of Visuals (PowerPoint)
Visuals only support your talk.
Spend more time on your talk!
Simple and clear
1 idea; 3 sub-concepts; <= 6 lines.
Readable – Big & color-coordinated.
Don’t read from the slides!
What if Talk is Complex
Don’t lose people.
Use grayed out outline.
If idea is complex:
Try really hard to avoid complex slides, but…
If you must use it, use layers (prevent read-ahead & lack of focus).
Remember to change slides for printing.
Example….
If you must use complex layers… a good example
Use of Demos / Multimedia
Keeps the talk interesting.
Don’t overdo it.
Should be tied to content.
Ordering :
2,N, N-1, N-2,….3, 1
Rehearsing Your Talk
Record & listen to every talk at least twice!
Record:
Best : PowerPoint features.
OK : Tape recorder.
Must do sometime :
Video
Ask experienced speaker to critique.
Improve:
Style, logic, timing per slide.
Get the Timing Right!
Running out of time is a disaster.
Write how much time should remain on each slide.
After you’re more experienced….
No longer necessary to record.
Every new talk still must be rehearsed.
Bring notes if you aren’t confident.
Just Before the Talk….
Prepare something matching the occasion.
Make sure you’re not too tired:
Get enough sleep the previous night.
Drink 3 cups of coffee!
What You’ll Learn Today:
Communication skills
Preparing the Talk
Delivering the Talk
Handling Q&A
21 secrets to becoming a good speaker.
Delivering the Talk
Overcoming language barrier.
Overcoming nervousness.
Art of Good Opening & ending.
Humor
Audience participation

Overcoming Language Barrier
Perfect English not necessary.
Know your limitations.
Don’t use fancy words, complex sentences.
Don’t take any chance of looking silly.
OK to bring cheat notes!
Outline & Script
Always make an outline.
PowerPoint notes; Word Outline.
Don’t have to use it.
It may be best to READ a speech.
No excuse not to be fluent! (practice!)
Don’t stare at paper.
(Memorize it if you’re prefer).
Overcoming Nervousness
Hiding Nervousness
It is possible to hide nervousness!
Don’t let the shaking show!
Make a fist; hold the lectern.
Speak loudly.
Take a deep breath.
Look at a friendly face.
Look above people’s heads.
Art of Good Opening & Ending
Opening
Say something relevant to the occasion.
Need to research background before the talk.
Ending
“If you remember only one thing from this talk, then you should remember XXX”.
Humor
Good humor:
Respectful.
Relevant (better yet: original).
Short.
Plan your jokes:
Remember what worked.
Use it again!
Humor
How to tell a joke?
Set up (people should know a joke is coming up).
Pause after climax (punch line).
Move on naturally if no reaction!
Audience Participation
Best way for people to remember!
Ask audience a question
Anticipate their answer(s)!
Respond with something interesting AND relevant.
Be Yourself
Learn the skills; don’t copy the styles.
You must be yourself to be credible.
Many styles could be effective:
Bill Gates – Brilliant technologist
Steve Ballmer – Powerful salesman
Steve Jobs – Passionate evangelist
What You’ll Learn Today:
Communication skills
Preparing the Talk
Delivering the Talk
Handling Q&A
21 secrets to becoming a good speaker.
Q&A
Q&A is your chance to:
Amplify your points.
Increase your credibility.

Dealing with Questions
Easy Questions
Amplify your points!
Hard Questions
No need to answer directly.
But don’t hide!
Narrow Questions
Take offline.
Q&A – Giving A Good Answer
Respect the listener
Right body language
Repeat the question
Complete if people cannot hear.
Paraphrase to help amplify your point.
If people are too shy, you start!
Don’t argue or dismiss a question.
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Conclusion
Giving a talk is easy
It just takes:
A little passion
A lot of practice!


培訓(xùn)師資料(Microsoft)(ppt)